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What is fluoride?
The fluoride ion comes from the element fluorine. Fluoride, either applied topically
to erupted teeth, or ingested orally (called systemic fluoride) during tooth development,
helps to prevent tooth decay, strengthen tooth enamel, and reduce the harmful effects
of plaque. Fluoride also makes the entire tooth structure more resistant to decay
and promotes remineralization, which aids in repairing early decay before the damage
is even visible.
Where is fluoride found?
Topical Fluoride is found in products containing strong concentrations of fluoride
(i.e., toothpastes, mouth rinses), fluoridated varnishes and/or gels either topically
applied by a dentist or other oral health professional, or prescribed as an at-home
regimen (particularly for persons with a high risk of dental caries).
Systemic Fluoride can be ingested through public and private water supplies, soft
drinks, teas, as dietary supplements, some bottled water supplies. Once ingested,
systemic fluoride is absorbed via the gastrointestinal tract and distributed and
deposited throughout the body via the blood supply.
What health risks are associated with fluoride uses?
In general, fluoride consumption is safe. Health risks associated with Fluoridation
usually are limited to misuse and over concentration. To avoid misuse and over concentration:
Avoid drinking overly fluoridated water - results of this may cause teeth to become
discolored, and may cause the enamel of the teeth to look spotted, pitted, or stained
(a condition known as dental fluorosis). Avoid swallowing toothpaste and other dental
hygiene products.
Call the local water department and/or the health department to evaluate the fluoride
level in your local drinking reservoir. Children are especially vulnerable to dental
fluorosis as their developing teeth are more sensitive to higher fluoride levels.
Consult a pediatric dentist or other oral health care professional if you notice
changes in the condition of your child's teeth.
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